hayes



(No Model.)

G. G. HAYES.

SPRING CARRIAGE. No. 321,106. Patented he 30, 1885.

NITED STATES ATENT rricE.

CHARLES C. .HAYES, OF PENN YAN, NEW YORK.

SPRING-CARRIAGE.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,106, dated June 30, 1885.

Application filed December 28, 1883.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Cinemas 0. HAYES, of Penn Yan,Yates county, New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carriages; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carriage, showing my improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of thegearing with the wagon body or box removed. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of Fig. 2.

My improvement relates to light carriages; and it consists in an improved arrangement of the springs,whereby there is less tendency to rocking or shocking, either longitudinally or transversely, than in ordinary carriages.

To this end the invention consists of a carriage provided with an ordinary elliptic crossspring in front and two short longitudinal springs'in the rear, attached by loop-eyes or shackles at one end to the axle and at the other end rigidly to the under side of the carriage body or box, all as hereinafter described.

In the drawings, A shows the wagon-body, and B B the wheels. D is astiff reach, and E E are side braces connecting the rear axle with the reach.

My improvement is as follows:

G is an ordinary elliptic spring,which is attached to the bolster or head-block in front, and rests crosswise in the usual way, and supports the front end of the wagon-body by means of the common body-loops.

H H are two short longitudinal steel springs in the rear, one end attached to the rear axle by loop-eyes or shackles a a, the other end extending up and being attached rigidly to the under side of the Wagon by bolts or clips, or both. N 0 intermediate parts-such as side (No model.)

barsareused; but the springs are attached directly to the bottom of the body.

The object of this invention is to dispense with side bars and to prevent the pitching or end motion produced where both springs are elliptic, and to prevent the tipping or side mo tion produced where side springs only are used. By the use of the curved or semi-elliptic longitudinal springs at the rear the body U cannot pitch forward and back, and by the use of the elliptic spring in front it cannot roll easily sidewise. Therefore the body will at all times stand substantially level, and will have an easy motion.

The springs can be made of any desired size or length and be applied to any style of vehicleor carriage.

By dispensing with side bars and other fixtures which are ordinarily used with 1011- gitudinal flat springs, and by attaching the ends of said springs directly to the bottom of the wagon-body, much expense is saved, and the carriage is really much better.

Having described my invention, I claiin In combination with the body, axles, and reach of awagon or carriage, and with a cross elliptic spring in front, two longitudinal short curved or semi-elliptic steel springs rigidly attached at one end to the body under its rear corners and at the other end connected with the hind axle by loop-eyes or shackles, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES C. HAYES.

WVitnesses:

A. E. CHAPMAN, BYRON EATON. 

